Domitian, the third and final emperor of the Flavian dynasty, is often remembered for his autocratic rule and his tense relationship with the Senate. However, his rise to power is deeply rooted in his familial connections, his military service, and the political context of ancient Rome during the turbulent years after the Flavian family’s initial ascension to the throne.

The Flavian Dynasty and Domitian's Early Life

Domitian was born on October 24, 51 CE, to Vespasian and Flavia Domitilla, the firstborn son of the Flavian family. His father, Vespasian, became emperor in 69 CE after the Year of the Four Emperors, a period marked by civil war and instability in Rome. Domitian had an older brother, Titus, who, as the son of the emperor, was first in line to inherit the throne.

From a young age, Domitian was groomed for public service, but he did not have the same immediate military or political experience as his brother Titus. Titus was seen as the favored son, and he gained widespread recognition for his leadership in the Jewish War, particularly for his role in the siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE.

Early Career and Military Experience

Despite being somewhat overshadowed by his older brother, Domitian was not idle. Early in his life, Domitian was given responsibilities and was appointed to several important administrative and military roles, including serving as a quaestor (a financial official) and later as a praetor. However, his true rise began when he was appointed to positions of authority in the military.

Domitian served in the Roman military under his father's rule, and he gained experience in managing imperial affairs. However, it wasn’t until Vespasian’s death in 79 CE and the subsequent reign of Titus that Domitian’s position within the family began to shift. shutdown123